这座仙山上，有“山崖上的故宫”

liukang20242个月前 (05-01)166吃瓜1204

#知音湖北遇见金秋#

武当山古修建群可谓我国古代修建史上的奇迹，被誉为“我国古代修建成果的博物馆”，在很多宫观修建中有一处宫殿更是被称为“挂在山崖峭壁上的故宫”，它便是南岩宫。

The ancient architectural complex of Wudang Mountain is considered a marvel in the history of ancient Chinese architecture, renowned as the Museum of Ancient Chinese Architectural Achievements. Among the many Taoist temple and palace buildings, one palace that stands out is famously referred to as the Forbidden City Hanging on a Cliff, which is the Nanyan Palace.

图/荆楚网

南岩，坐落金顶之北，因它朝向南边，故称“南岩”。它是武当山三十六岩中风景最美的一处，被誉为“气吞泰华银河近，势压岷峨玉垒高”的无双佳境，南岩宫就建于此处。

Nanyan, located to the north of Golden Summit and facing south, is thus named Nanyan. It is the most picturesque spot among the thirty-six cliffs of Wudang Mountain, acclaimed as a unique and unparalleled wonder where "Its grandeur rivals that of Mount Tai and Mount Hua, and its majesty surpasses that of Mount Min and Mount Emei as well." The Nanyan Palace is built in this extraordinary location.

南岩宫修建群不只是武当山古修建中最具特性和构思的修建景象之一，也是道教文明的重要遗产。全体修建镶嵌在山崖峭壁上的宫殿楼阁，是我国人文与天然景象完美结合的模范。

The architectural complex of the Nanyan Palace is not only one of the most distinctive and creative landscapes within Wudang Mountain's ancient buildings but also an important cultural heritage of Taoism. The overall construction of the palace, with its towers and pavilions embedded in the cliffs, is a perfect embodiment of the harmonious integration between Chinese human culture and natural landscapes.

图/湖北文旅小红书

接下来，跟着湖北文旅一同亲临南岩，敞开一段问道武当、仙山祈福的旅程。

Next, follow Hubei Cultural Tourism to experience Nanyan in person, where you can embark on a journey to seeking Taoist wisdom and praying for blessings on the sacred mountain.

图/武当山

南岩宫，全称为“大圣南岩宫”，是武当山人文景象和天然景象结合得最完美的一处‌。

The Nanyan Palace, officially named the Dashing Nanyan Palace, also called the Great Saint Nanyan Palace, boasts the perfect blend of cultural and natural landscapes on Wudang Mountain.

图/荆楚网

南岩宫，始建于元代，元仁宗延祐元年（1314）赐额“大天乙真庆万寿宫”；明永乐十一年（1413）重建，赐匾额“大圣南宫”；嘉靖三十一年（1552）扩建到460间；清同治元年（1862）大修殿宇，宫貌一新；现存修建及遗址占地面积61187平方米，庙房83间，修建面积3539平方米。

The Nanyan Palace was originally built in the Yuan Dynasty, with the name the Datianyi Zhenqing Wanshou Palace (the Great Tianyi Zhenqing Longevity Palace), granted by Emperor Renzong in 1314, the first year of the Yanyou era. It was rebuilt in 1413, the eleventh year of the Yongle era, receiving the plaque titled the Dashing Nanyan Palace (the Great Saint Nan Palace). In 1552, the thirty-first year of the Jiajing era, it was expanded to 460 rooms. In 1862, the first year of the Tongzhi era, the palace underwent major renovations, giving it a new appearance. The existing buildings and ruins cover an area of 61,187 square meters, with 83 temple rooms and a total construction area of 3,539 square meters.

图/荆楚网

图/十堰市博物馆

南岩宫的前史能够追溯到唐朝，其时八仙之一的吕洞宾曾在此修道，并留下了他的诗作。在元朝，武当高道张守清在前人的基础上进行了大规模的制作，使得南岩宫的修建“隐林中之显赫，耸层楼十二”，道人数量到达一千人。张守清因修建南岩和宏扬武当道教而遭到皇帝的赐封为“体奥妙应太和真人”。

The history of the Nanyan Palace can be traced back to the Tang Dynasty, when Lv Dongbin, one of the Eight Immortals, practiced Taoism here and left behind his poetry. During the Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Shouqing, one of Wudang Taoist masters undertook large-scale construction based on the work of his predecessors, making it a grand architectural complex “magnificently hidden amidst the forest, towering with twelve stories", and at that time, the number of Taoists here reached one thousand. For the efforts in constructing the place and promoting Wudang Taoism, Zhang Shouqing was granted the title Tixuan Miaoying Taihe Zhenren (True Man of Supreme Harmony in Pursuit of Taoism Wisdom) by the emperor.

图/十堰晚报

明朝时期，南岩又进行了大规模的扩建，殿堂道房多达八百多间，但不幸的是，1926年的一场大火烧毁了包含玄帝大殿在内的二百多间殿房‌。

In the Ming Dynasty, the Nanyan Palace underwent another large-scale expansion, with more than 800 temple halls and Taoist quarters. Unfortunately, in 1926, a devastating fire destroyed over 200 halls, including the Hall of the Emperor Xuan.

图/十堰晚报

图/湖北文旅小红书

南岩宫以其修建奇特和峰峦俊美而闻名，相传南岩是真武修行四十二年，得道飞升之地，向来被道家尊为圣地。

The Nanyan Palace is famous for its miraculous architecture and stunning peaks. Legend has it that Nanyan is the very place where Zhenwu, also called the Emperor of the North in Taoism, attained immortality and ascended to the heavens after forty-two years’ cultivation, and it has long been revered as a sacred site by Taoists.

图/荆楚网

图/湖北日报

图/邓丽芬摄

南岩宫的修建，将真武崇奉奇妙贯穿其间，全体修建方法如真武的人生一般，不断在绝地中一路寻求打破。

The construction of the Nanyan Palace skillfully incorporates the belief in Zhenwu, with the architectural design mirroring Zhenwu’s life journey in constant pursuit of breakthroughs amidst adversity.

图/湖北文旅小红书

图/湖北日报

南岩宫的整个修建充分利用山头、垭脖、峭壁、溶洞等险境，制作了一座座宫殿、亭台、山门等，与周围环境融为一体，相映成趣。

The entire architectural complex of the Nanyan Palace makes full use of challenging natural features such as mountain peaks, narrow passes, cliffs, and caves. Palaces, pavilions, gates, and other structures were built to harmonize with the surrounding environment, creating a picturesque and integrated landscape.

南岩宫修建群大致可分为两部分：南边山崖绝壁溶洞中首要修建有皇经堂、两仪殿、龙头香、天乙真庆宫石殿、太子睡龙床、古棋亭等；北坡首要修建有左右碑亭、龙虎殿、配殿、大殿等。

The architectural complex can be roughly divided into two parts: the main buildings nestled on the southern cliffs and caves include the Huangjing Hall (the Emperor Scripture Hall), the Liangyi Hall, the Longtouxiang Stone Beam (the Stone Beam with Dragon-headed Incense Burner), and the Stone Hall in the Tianyi Zhenqing Palace, the Wood Sculpture Series of Prince Zhenwu' Sleeping in Dragon-shaped Bed, and the Ancient Chess Pavilion; while the northern slope features the left and right Stele Pavilions, the Dragon and Tiger Hall, the Auxiliary Hall, and the Main Hall.

图/荆楚网

图/湖北日报

南岩宫修建群打破传统对称布局形式，化天然险峰、溶洞峭壁为修建特征，让修建与环境到达“你中有我，我中有你”的高度调和，创造出极富改变的空间格式。房顶铺标志北方玄武的黑瓦绿剪边，这在古代古刹修建和皇家修建中极为稀有，而这仅仅是南岩修建风貌的一隅。

The architectural complex of the Nanyan Palace breaks away from traditional symmetrical layouts, transforming natural features such as steep peaks, caves, and cliffs into unique architectural elements. The buildings and the environment achieve a harmonious integration, where "the environment shapes the architecture, and the architecture complements the environment”, creating a dynamic spatial pattern. The roofs are adorned with black tiles trimmed with green edges, a symbol of Northern Xuanwu, a mythical creature in Chinese culture, which is a rare feature in ancient temple and royal architecture, and this is just one glimpse of the architectural splendor of the Nanyan Palace.

图/荆楚网

修建师法天然，通过汉、唐、宋的开展，到明代，我国在资料应用上已适当老练，金木土石革草等都属“百宫”用材，武当山大多为砖木结构，而如此体量“破格”运用石制的修建很少。

Inspired by nature, and after developments during the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties, by the Ming dynasty, Chinese architects had matured significantly in material application. Various materials such as metal, wood, earth, stone, leather, and thatch were all classified as "hundred palace" materials, mainly used in imperial buildings. Most of Wudang Mountain’s structures were built with brick and wood and there were very few large-scale buildings that used stone in such an unconventional manner.

图/湖北日报

图/荆楚网

南岩石殿上书“天乙真庆宫”，坐北面南，建于山崖之上，为石雕仿木构修建，其梁柱、檐椽、斗拱、门窗、瓦面、匾额等，均用青石雕刻，榫卯组装。面阔3间11米，进深6.6米，通高6.8米，是武当山现存最大的石殿。

The Nanyan Stone Hall, inscribed with "Tianyi Zhenqing Palace," sits on the cliff, facing south. It is a stone structure designed to resemble traditional wooden architecture, with its beams, columns, eaves,Dougong brackets, doors, windows, roof tiles, and plaques all intricately carved from blue stone and assembled using mortise and tenon joints. It spans three bays, measuring 11 meters in width, 6.6 meters in depth, and 6.8 meters in height, making it the largest existing stone hall on Wudang Mountain.

图/荆楚网

殿体巩固健壮，斗拱雄大，而门窗纹饰则刻工精密，技艺高明。因为石构件较为沉重，且又在山崖峭壁上施工，故难度很大。因而，能够说南岩石殿的制作充分体现了我国古代工匠的聪明才智和高明技艺。

The hall is solid and sturdy, featuring magnificent Dougong brackets, while the door and window decorations are finely carved with exceptional craftsmanship. Due to the heavy weight of the stone components and the challenges of working on the steep cliffs, the operation was extremely difficult. Therefore, the building of the Nanyan Stone Hall fully exemplifies the ingenuity and exceptional craftsmanship of ancient Chinese artisans.

图/武当山

南岩之巅，龙头香炉烟袅袅，摩崖石刻一笔一画篆刻着古人的才智。南岩，一个集合着天然奇迹和人文精粹于一体的当地，诉说着千古的崇奉与寻求。

At the summit of the Nanyan Palace, the smoke from the dragon-headed incense burner wafts gently, while the stone carvings on the cliffs, meticulously inscribed stroke by stroke, depict the wisdom of the ancients. The Nanyan Palace, a place that gathers both natural wonders and cultural essence, narrates the ancient faith and eternal pursuit of humanity.

图/荆楚网

图/湖北日报

当人们穿过两仪殿，就会发现南岩宫的“破题之眼”——龙头香，它横空伸出山崖，宛如一条巨龙俯首欲飞，是大名鼎鼎的天下第一香。

As people pass through the Liangyi Hall, they will discover the essence of the Nanyan Palace—the Longtouxiang Stone Beam (the Stone Beam with Dragon-headed Incense Burner) .It juts out horizontally from the cliff, resembling a giant dragon poised to soar with its head raised, renowned as the world’s best shrine for burning incense and praying for blessings.

在此仰望只见摩天巨崖，仰望只感深壑动魄。龙头香在此横空挑出，传说它是真武大帝的坐骑，古时朝拜者为表达对神的忠诚，冒险步入龙背祈福上香。

Looking up from this point, one sees towering cliffs, while looking down, breathtaking deep gorges. The stone beam extends dramatically outward. According to legend, this dragon was the mount of Emperor Zhenwu. In ancient times, devout worshippers, to demonstrate their sincerity and devotion to the deity, would risk stepping onto dragons’ backs to pray for blessings and light incense.

图/湖北文旅小红书

图/湖北日报

龙头香用青石雕凿而成，通体长2.9米，宽0.3米，横空挑出，下临深壑，龙头朝向金顶，龙头上放一小香炉，探身俯视毛骨悚然。龙身浮雕祥云，造型漂亮，线条流通，是古代石雕艺术中极为宝贵的佳作。

The Longtouxiang Stone Beam is carved from bluestone, measuring 2.9 meters in length and 0.3 meters in width. It extends horizontally over a deep ravine, with the dragon's head facing Jinding (the Golden Summit). On top of the dragon head sits a small incense burner, and leaning forward to look down is an absolute spine-chilling experience. The dragon’s body is carved with auspicious clouds in relief, featuring an exquisite design with smooth, flowing lines, making it an incredibly valuable masterpiece of ancient stone carving art.

图/荆楚网

图/武当博物馆

图/十堰晚报

沿着大殿后神道前行，左行50米处有一座小山门，走进山门“寿福康宁”四个大字跃然眼前。刚健雄壮的字体，诠释了古人积极向上的人生观。这四个字也敞开了武当山石刻艺术的大门。

Along the sacred path behind the main hall, about 50 meters to the left, there stands a small mountain gate, through which the four characters "Shou Fu Kang Ning" (Longevity, Fortune, Health, and Peace) leap into view. The robust and vigorous calligraphy reflects the ancient people's optimistic outlook on life. These four characters also mark the beginning of the stone carving art of Wudang Mountain.

图/湖北日报

图/武当山

据专家考证，“寿”字为明嘉靖十六（1537）年七月礼部儒士王颙所书；“福康宁”三字为嘉靖二十年（1541）八月礼部尚书、武英殿大学士夏言所书。

According to experts, the character "Shou" (Longevity) was written by Wang Yong, a Confucian scholar from the Ministry of Rites, in July, 1537, the 16th year of the Jiajing reign. The other three characters, "Fu Kang Ning" (Fortune, Health, Peace), were written by Xia Yan, Minister of Rites and Grand Secretary of the Wuying Hall, in August, 1541, the 20th year of the Jiajing reign.

武当山现存各类碑文、摩崖1300通，这些遗存的碑文中不只蕴含着明王朝的宫殿文明，一起也吸纳了许多民间文明的精华，反映了武当山在前史朝代更迭中对国家政治、经济、社会的位置和影响，这些碑文是承载武当山前史文明，乃至年代回忆的活化石。

Wudang Mountain currently preserves 1,300 stone inscriptions and cliff carvings. These relics not only embody the court culture of the Ming Dynasty but also incorporate the essence of folk culture, reflecting Wudang Mountain's position and influence on national politics, economy, and society throughout the changing historical dynasties. These stone carvings serve as living fossils that witness the historical culture of Wudang Mountain and even preserve the memories of the era.

图/荆楚网

图/武当山

🌄🌄🌄

南岩宫的前史文明气味，不只表现在古修建的共同风格上，还蕴藏于价值宝贵的文明艺术遗存之中。在这千仞山崖之上，咱们能够探视到一段前史的深处，也能够感悟到修建的才智、古人的匠心。在晨钟暮鼓里，这一方绚丽的绝壁之上，永久回荡着巧夺天工的赞歌。

The rich historical and cultural atmosphere of the palace is not only reflected in the unique style of its ancient architecture but also in its precious cultural and artistic relics. On these towering cliffs, we can glimpse deep into history and appreciate the wisdom hidden within architecture and the craftsmanship of the ancients. Amid the morning bells and evening drums, these magnificent cliffs echo eternally with praise for the artistry of nature and human’s divine craftsmanship.

险峰古境，武当风华。登南岩之巅，听风吟古韵，感前史之温度，品文明之厚重，南岩宫静候你的到来。

Perilous peaks, together with majestic landscapes unveil the charm of Wudang. Standing atop Nanyan and listening to wind whisper the ancient melodies, you will feel the warmth of history and savor the richness of culture. The Nanyan Palace awaits your arrival in full anticipation.

修改/楚小游

翻译/王红丽（武昌理工学院）

来历/湖北文旅视频/荆楚网编发/湖北文旅

告发/反应